Data and facts about shelter intake and why owners give up their pets.
Jump to: Overview | Demographics | Acquisition Source | Owner Relinquishment Reasons | Deep-Dive
Highlights
Overview
Descriptive Demographics
Jump to: Multinational Trend During Pandemic | Online Purchase Demographics and Relinquishment
Large Scale Survey of Relinquishment During Pandemic
External link:
Carroll GA, Torjussen A and Reeve C (2022) Companion animal adoption and relinquishment during the COVID-19 pandemic: Peri-pandemic pets at greatest risk of relinquishment. Front. Vet. Sci. 9:1017954. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1017954
Relinquisment and Considered Relinquishment, by Gender
| Relinquishment Status | Male % |
|---|---|
| Considering Relinquishment | 65.0% |
| Already Relinquished | 72.2% |
| Overall (Considering or Already Relinquished) | 65.8% |
Relinquisment and Considered Relinquishment, by Timing of Acquisition
| Timing of Pet Acquisition | Total | Never Considered Relinquishment | Considered Relinquishment | Relinquished |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| More than 6 Months Before Pandemic | 85.8% | 87.1% | 62.5% | 52.4% |
| Within 6 months before the pandemic | 9.0% | 8.1% | 26.2% | 28.6% |
| During the Pandemic | 5.2% | 4.8% | 11.3% | 19.0% |
Research Summary | Back to Top
Impact of Online Purchase and Relinquishment During Pandemic
External link:
Carroll GA, Torjussen A, Reeve C. Companion animal adoption and relinquishment during the COVID-19 pandemic: Households with children at greatest risk of relinquishing a cat or dog. Anim Welf. 2023;32:e56. Published 2023 Aug 18. https://doi.org/10.1017/awf.2023.77
Relinquishment or Those Who Considered Relinquishment
- Geographical Variation:
- USA: 9.9%
- Canada: 6.4%
- Spain: 5.8%
- Italy: 4.4%
- UK: 3.0%
- Demographic Factors:
- Gender: Male participants had a 49.6% increased probability of relinquishment compared to females.
- Age of Pet: For every one-year increase in pet age, there was a 91.5% decreased probability of relinquishment.
- Household Composition:
- Households with children were 4.6 times more likely to consider or have already relinquished a cat or dog compared to those from households without children
| Demographic Variable | Considered Relinquishment (%) | Never Consider Relinquishment (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Species | ||
| Cat | 41.7 | 47.9 |
| Dog | 58.3 | 52.1 |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 66.7 | 49.7 |
| Female | 33.3 | 50.3 |
| Dwelling type | ||
| House with garden | 65.6 | 56.3 |
| House with no garden | 5.3 | 3.6 |
| Apartment with garden | 17.2 | 15.1 |
| Apartment with no garden | 11.9 | 25 |
| Home ownership | ||
| Own | 58.3 | 69.6 |
| Rent | 41.7 | 30.4 |
| Children in the home | ||
| 0 children | 35.1 | 70.1 |
| 1 child | 27.8 | 13.9 |
| 2 children | 32.5 | 11.9 |
| 3 or 4 children | 4.6 | 4.1 |
| Adults in the home | ||
| 1 adult | 7.9 | 12.9 |
| 2 adults | 49 | 47.4 |
| 3 adults | 21.9 | 17 |
| 4 adults | 10.6 | 18.6 |
| 5 or more adults | 10.6 | 4.1 |
| Other pets in the home | ||
| Yes | 43.7 | 40.2 |
| No | 56.3 | 59.8 |
| Martial status | ||
| Married/partner | 65.6 | 54.1 |
| Single | 31.1 | 41.8 |
| Seperated | 0.7 | 2.1 |
| Divorced | 2.6 | 2.1 |
| Education | ||
| Secondary school | 19.9 | 32.5 |
| College/University degree | 51 | 43.8 |
| Master’s degree | 23.8 | 20.6 |
| Doctoral degree | 2 | 1 |
| Other professional graduate/PG degree | 3.3 | 2.1 |
| Employment | ||
| Employed | 69.5 | 63.9 |
| Not working | 14.6 | 14.9 |
| Student | 2 | 2.1 |
| Retired | 13.9 | 19.1 |
| Illness | ||
| Mental | 5.3 | 7.2 |
| Physical | 5.3 | 7.2 |
| Reason for acquisition | ||
| Companionship | 94 | 96.9 |
| Use as a service animal | 5.3 | 0 |
| Training/Competitions | 6.7 | 0.5 |
| Working animal | 2 | 0 |
| Other | 3.9 | 5.1 |
Related Data From Same Study (Acquisition Channels)
Research Summary | Back to Top
Acquisition Source
Jump to: Multinational Survey During Pandemic
Large Scale Survey of Relinquishment During Pandemic
External link:
Carroll GA, Torjussen A and Reeve C (2022) Companion animal adoption and relinquishment during the COVID-19 pandemic: Peri-pandemic pets at greatest risk of relinquishment. Front. Vet. Sci. 9:1017954. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1017954
Source of Acquisition by Relinquishment Status
| Source of Acquisition | Never Considered Relinquishment (n=3,756) | Considered Relinquishment (n=168) | Relinquished (n=21) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adopted from a shelter / organization | 31.2 | 24.4 | 19.0 |
| Purchased from a breeder | 33.2 | 35.1 | 38.1 |
| As a gift | 5.5 | 16.1 | 19.0 |
| Directly from someone that needed to find a new home for their cat or dog | 19.8 | 15.5 | 9.5 |
| Directly rom someone that was seeking temporary care for their cat or dog | 0.3 | 1.5 | 14.3 |
| Found as a stray | 7.3 | 7.7 | 0.0 |
| Other | 2.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Research Summary | Back to Top
Owner Relinquishment Reasons
Jump to: BC (Canada) Relinquishment (2008-2019) | Denmark Relinquishment (1996-2017) | Colordao (US) Relinqushment (2018-2023) | Multinational Trends During Pandemic | Texas (US) Intakes & Returns (2018)
BC SPCA Shelter Relinquishment Reasons (2008-2019)
External link:
Kisley MA, Chung EJ, Levitt H. Investigating the Reasons behind Companion Animal Relinquishment: A Systematic Content Analysis of Shelter Records for Cats and Dogs, 2018–2023. Animals. 2024; 14(17):2606. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14172606
Annual Intake
| Year | Guardian Relinquish | Other Intake | Guardian Relinquish % | Other Intake % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 3577 | 7809 | 31% | 69% |
| 2009 | 3505 | 7441 | 32% | 68% |
| 2010 | 3446 | 7208 | 32% | 68% |
| 2011 | 3261 | 6936 | 32% | 68% |
| 2012 | 3230 | 5988 | 35% | 65% |
| 2013 | 2644 | 5043 | 34% | 66% |
| 2014 | 2396 | 5119 | 32% | 68% |
| 2015 | 2382 | 4890 | 33% | 67% |
| 2016 | 2029 | 4482 | 31% | 69% |
| 2017 | 1919 | 4363 | 31% | 69% |
| 2018 | 1780 | 4027 | 31% | 69% |
| 2019 | 1911 | 3525 | 35% | 65% |
Characteristics of Dogs Entering the Shelter
| Characteristics | Total | Within Category % | Within Guardian Relinquished Population % (n = 32,081) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age group | |||
| Puppy | 8,485 | 26.7 | 26.4 |
| Young adult | 7,622 | 24.0 | 23.7 |
| Adult | 12,189 | 38.4 | 37.9 |
| Senior | 3,394 | 10.7 | 10.5 |
| Spay/neuter status | |||
| Yes | 21,226 | 67.0 | 66.1 |
| No | 10,443 | 32.9 | 32.5 |
| Asilomar accord category | |||
| Healthy | 2,918 | 38.0 | 9.0 |
| Treatable-rehabilitatable | 3,321 | 43.2 | 10.3 |
| Treatable-manageable | 1,101 | 14.3 | 3.4 |
| Unhealthy-untreatable | 331 | 4.3 | 1.0 |
| Dog size | |||
| Smaller | 7,785 | 58.0 | 24.2 |
| Larger | 5,627 | 41.9 | 17.5 |
| Dog sex | |||
| Female | 15,480 | 48.4 | 48.2 |
| Male | 16,473 | 51.5 | 51.3 |
| Breed | |||
| Suspected purebred | 1,048 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
| Mixed | 31,033 | 96.7 | 96.7 |
| Population center size | |||
| Small | 13,539 | 42.2 | 42.2 |
| Medium | 9,846 | 30.7 | 30.6 |
| Large | 8,678 | 27.0 | 27.0 |
Primary Reasons for Relinquishment (Overall)
| Reason for Relinquishment | Total | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Too Many | 6,179 | 19 |
| Housing Issues | 5,309 | 17 |
| Personal Issues | 4,955 | 15 |
| Can’t Afford | 3,311 | 10 |
| Behavior | 3,213 | 10 |
| Guardian Health | 2,449 | 8 |
| No Longer Wanted | 1,189 | 4 |
| Animal Health | 148 | 0.5 |
| Animal Characteristics | 72 | 0.2 |
| Community Dog | 5 | 0.01 |
| Other | 3,777 | 12 |
Relinquishment Risk Factors by Primary Reason
An odds ratio > 1 suggests an increased risk of relinquishment of that the characteristic category, while an odds ratio <1 suggests a reduced risk. Non-statistically significant results are excluded from the plot.
1. When Relinquished Because of “Too Many”
| Factor | Odds Ratio (OR) |
|---|---|
| Puppy (vs. Adult) | 7.47 |
| Senior (vs. Adult) | 0.286 |
| Smaller Dog (vs. Larger) | 1.28 |
| Purebred (vs. Mixed) | 0.347 |
| Small Population (vs. Large) | 7.04 |
| Medium Population (vs. Large) | 3.72 |
| Time (Yearly Increase) | 1.16 |
2. When Relinquished Because of Housing Issues
| Factor | Odds Ratio (OR) |
|---|---|
| Young Adult (vs. Adult) | 0.81 |
| Puppy (vs. Adult) | 0.31 |
| Senior (vs. Adult) | 1.27 |
| Small Population (vs. Large) | 0.61 |
| Treatable-Manageable (vs. Healthy) | 0.77 |
3. When Relinquished Because of Personal Issues
| Factor | Odds Ratio (OR) |
|---|---|
| Puppy (vs. Adult) | 0.52 |
| Male (vs. Female) | 1.2 |
| Treatable-Rehabilitatable (vs. Healthy) | 0.69 |
| Treatable-Manageable (vs. Healthy) | 0.67 |
| Unhealthy-Untreatable (vs. Healthy) | 0.43 |
| Small Population (vs. Large) | 0.66 |
| Medium Population (vs. Large) | 0.61 |
4. When Relinquished Because of Financial Issues
| Factor | Odds Ratio (OR) |
|---|---|
| Puppy (vs. Adult) | 1.76 |
| Treatable-Rehabilitatable (vs. Healthy) | 3.5 |
| Treatable-Manageable (vs. Healthy) | 4.38 |
| Unhealthy-Untreatable (vs. Healthy) | 6.76 |
| Small Population (vs. Large) | 0.72 |
| Male (vs. Female) | 0.81 |
| Time (Yearly Decrease) | 0.94 |
5. When Relinquished Because of Dog Behavior
| Factor | Odds Ratio (OR) |
|---|---|
| Puppy (vs. Adult) | 0.16 |
| Senior (vs. Adult) | 0.55 |
| Treatable-Rehabilitatable (vs. Healthy) | 0.67 |
| Smaller Dog (vs. Larger) | 0.76 |
| Time (Yearly Increase) | 1.34 |
6. When Relinquished Because of Guardian Health
| Factor | Odds Ratio (OR) |
|---|---|
| Puppy (vs. Adult) | 0.13 |
| Young Adult (vs. Adult) | 0.47 |
| Senior (vs. Adult) | 1.89 |
| Small Population (vs. Large) | 0.65 |
| Smaller Dog (vs. Larger) | 1.82 |
Neuter Status
| Population Center Size | Number Spayed/Neutered | % Spayed/Neutered | Number Spayed/Neutered (Age: 6 months+) | % Spayed/Neutered (Age: 6 months+) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Small | 8,192 | 61% | 6,373 | 70% |
| Medium | 6,569 | 67% | 5,204 | 74% |
| Large | 6,461 | 74% | 5,462 | 80% |
Research Summary | Back to Top
Denmark Shelter Relinquishment Reasons (1996-2017)
External link:
Jensen JBH, Sandøe P, Nielsen SS. Owner-Related Reasons Matter more than Behavioural Problems—A Study of Why Owners Relinquished Dogs and Cats to a Danish Animal Shelter from 1996 to 2017. Animals. 2020; 10(6):1064. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10061064
Reasons for Owner Relinquishment
| Main Factors | Dogs % | Cats % | Overall % | First-Time Rel. % | Returned % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Owner related | 75 | 74 | 75 | 82 | 49 |
| Owner health | 29 | 32 | 31 | 32 | 25 |
| Housing issues | 21 | 26 | 23 | 26 | 16 |
| Lack of time | 14 | 4 | 10 | 11 | 5 |
| Lack of interest | 10 | 11 | 11 | 4 | 3 |
| Animal related | 25 | 26 | 25 | 18 | 51 |
| Behaviour | 23 | 25 | 24 | 17 | 48 |
| Physical state | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 2 |
| Other | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 2 |
Research Summary | Back to Top
Colorado Shelter Relinquishment Reasons (2018-2023)
External link:
Kisley MA, Chung EJ, Levitt H. Investigating the Reasons behind Companion Animal Relinquishment: A Systematic Content Analysis of Shelter Records for Cats and Dogs, 2018–2023. Animals. 2024; 14(17):2606. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14172606
I. Overall Relinquishment Reasons (2018-2023, Cats and Dogs Combined)
- Primary Reasons:
- Behavior Issues: 28% (most frequent)
- Housing/Moving: 18%
- Unable to Care: 16%
- Too Many Pets: 10%
- Financial: 6%
- Owner Allergies: 5%
- Specific Behavior Issues (among cases citing Behavior Issues as the primary reason):
- Aggression: 32% (most frequent)
- Social Conflict: 28%
- Soiling: 13%
- Too Energetic: 9%
- Destructive Behaviors: 6%
II. Comparison of Relinquishment Reasons: Cats vs. Dogs (2018-2023)
- Reasons Higher for Cats:
- Too Many Pets: 16% (cats) vs. 4% (dogs)
- Owner Allergies: 6% (cats) vs. 4% (dogs)
- No Owner: 4% (cats) vs. 1% (dogs)
- CKC Program: 3% (cats) vs. 0% (dogs)
- Reasons Higher for Dogs:
- Unable to Care: 19% (dogs) vs. 13% (cats)
- Behavior Issues: 35% (dogs) vs. 21% (cats)
- Specific Behavior Issues:
- More frequent for cats:
- Social Conflict: 37% (cats) vs 22% (dogs)
- Soiling: 23% (cats) vs 7% (dogs)
- More frequent for dogs:
- Aggression: 35% (dogs) vs 26% (cats)
- Too Energetic: 13% (dogs) vs 3% (cats)
- Destructive Behaviors: 8% (dogs) vs 4% (cats)
- Escape Behaviors: 7% (dogs) vs 1% (cats)
- More frequent for cats:
III. Relinquishment Reasons: First-Time vs. Return Animals (2018-2023, Cats and Dogs Combined)
- Reasons Higher for Returned Animals:
- Behavior Issues: 59% (return) vs. 22% (first)
- Sick Animal: 4% (return) vs. 3% (first)
- Reasons Lower for Returned Animals:
- Housing/Moving: 8% (return) vs. 20% (first)
- Unable to Care: 10% (return) vs. 17% (first)
- Too Many Pets: 1% (return) vs. 12% (first)
- Financial: 2% (return) vs. 7% (first)
- No Owner: 1% (return) vs. 3% (first)
- CKC Program: 0% (return) vs. 2% (first)
- Specific behavior issue:
- Soiling: 6% (return) vs 17% (first)
IV. Relinquishment Reason Trends Over Time (2018-2023, Cats and Dogs Combined)
- Unable to Care:
- 2022 (19%) and 2023 (20%) significantly higher than 2019 (11%).
- Owner Allergies:
- 2022 (3%) significantly lower than 2019 (8%).
- Military-Related:
- 2020 (0%) significantly lower than 2018 (3%) and 2023 (3%).
- CKC Program:
- 2022 (4%) and 2023 (3%) significantly higher than 2018 (0%), 2019 (0%), and 2020 (0%).
Research Summary | Back to Top
Large Scale Global Survey of Relinquishment During Pandemic
External link:
Carroll GA, Torjussen A and Reeve C (2022) Companion animal adoption and relinquishment during the COVID-19 pandemic: Peri-pandemic pets at greatest risk of relinquishment. Front. Vet. Sci. 9:1017954. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1017954
Reasons for Considering or Actually Giving Up A Pet
| Reason for considering or actually giving up a pet | Percentage (Sample size = 189) |
|---|---|
| Financial constraints have made it difficult to care for my cat or dog | 44.2 |
| Health concerns specific to COVID-19 (e.g., fear of cat or dog transmitting the virus to yourself or family members) | 32.6 |
| Behavioral concerns (e.g., house soiling, barking) | 30.9 |
| Safety concerns (e.g., the animal is aggressive to myself or others) | 21.5 |
| I feel as though I have not had enough time to properly care for the cat or dog | 17.7 |
| Personal reasons (e.g., divorce, my partner does not like the animal) | 16.6 |
| Health concerns (e.g., allergies) | 16.6 |
| I have increased work hours due to being an essential worker during the COVID-19 pandemic | 16.6 |
| I have moved house and could not bring my cat or dog | 8.3 |
| Other | 7.2 |
Research Summary | Back to Top
Texas Shelter Intake & Return
External link:
Hawes SM, Kerrigan JM, Hupe T, Morris KN. Factors Informing the Return of Adopted Dogs and Cats to an Animal Shelter. Animals. 2020; 10(9):1573. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10091573
Reasons for Intake
| Reasons | Dogs (n = 1604) | % of Dog Sample | Cats (n = 1292) | % of Cat Sample |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical | 29.6% | 29.5% | ||
| Medical needs of animal | 249 | 15.5% | 349 | 27.0% |
| Medical costs | 2 | 0.1% | 0 | 0.0% |
| Urgent medical | 38 | 2.4% | 14 | 1.1% |
| Parvovirus | 186 | 11.6% | 0 | 0.0% |
| Panleukopenia | 0 | 0.0% | 18 | 1.4% |
| Behavioral | 9.2% | 5.9% | ||
| Aggressive toward animals | 27 | 1.7% | 3 | 0.2% |
| Aggressive toward humans | 37 | 2.3% | 3 | 0.2% |
| Destructive tendencies | 12 | 0.8% | 5 | 0.4% |
| Separation anxiety | 7 | 0.4% | 1 | 0.08% |
| Behavior/temperament | 7 | 0.4% | 5 | 0.4% |
| General behavioral support needed | 57 | 3.6% | 59 | 4.6% |
| Personal | 8.6% | 8.4% | ||
| Cannot afford basic care | 22 | 1.4% | 10 | 0.8% |
| Unrealistic expectations | 61 | 3.8% | 24 | 1.9% |
| Moving | 30 | 1.9% | 31 | 2.4% |
| Unwanted offspring of pet | 10 | 0.6% | 0 | 0.0% |
| Medical needs of pet owner | 6 | 0.4% | 14 | 1.1% |
| Allergies | 2 | 0.1% | 8 | 0.6% |
| Behavior/temperament of resident pet | 4 | 0.2% | 18 | 1.4% |
| Death of owner/family member | 4 | 0.2% | 2 | 0.2% |
| Other | 52.6% | 56.2% | ||
| Born in shelter care | 105 | 6.5% | 29 | 2.2% |
| Stray with shelter’s microchip | 14 | 0.9% | 10 | 0.8% |
| Stray | 14 | 0.9% | 20 | 1.5% |
| Breed or species restrictions | 3 | 0.2% | 0 | 0.0% |
| Wellness | 1 | 0.06% | 0 | 0.0% |
| Bottle baby | 28 | 1.7% | 367 | 28.4% |
| Pregnant/nursing | 86 | 5.4% | 118 | 9.1% |
| Shelter space (Transer in) | 592 | 36.9% | 184 | 14.2% |
Related Data From Same Study (Reducing Adoption Returns)
Related Data From Same Study (Post-Adoption Management)
Research Summary | Back to Top
Deep-Dive
Jump to : Housing | Social Vulnerability
Housing-Related Owner Relinquishment
Jump to : US (2019-2023)
Housing-Related Pet Relinquishment in the U.S. (2019-2023)
External link:
Applebaum JW, Loney L, Horecka K and Graham TM (2024) Housing-related companion animal relinquishment across 21 animal shelters in the United States from 2019–2023. Front. Vet. Sci. 11:1430388. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1430388
I. Overall Housing-Related Intakes
- A. Intake Subtypes:
- Unspecified (53.7%)
- Pet-related restrictions (27.3%)
- Landlord-related (8.4%)
- Loss of home (5.4%)
- Unhoused individuals (5.2%)
- B. Species and Size Distribution:
- Large dogs (20%)
- Small dogs (19%)
- Medium dogs (17%)
- Small cats (16%)
- Medium cats (12%)
- Large cats (7%)
- C. Age Distribution:
- Mean cat intake age: 1,085 days
- Mean dog intake age: 1,271 days
- Median cat intake age: 609 days
- Median dog intake age: 749 days
- D. Breed Distribution (Dogs):
- Mixed breed (35%)
- American Pit Bull Terriers (12%)
- Chihuahuas (5%)
- Labrador Retrievers (5%)
- German Shepherds (4%)
- E. Pit bull-Type Dogs
- Pit bull-type dogs (16% of all dogs)
- Represent 12% of restriction-related intakes
- Represent 27% of landlord-related intakes
- F. Length of Stay:
- Median length of stay: 6 days (no significant difference between cats and dogs)
- Mean length of stay: Cats (17 days), Dogs (20 days)
- Range of length of stay: 0-766 days
- 25% stayed for 2 days or less
II. Outcomes of Housing-Relinquished Animals
- A. Overall Outcomes (All Animals):
| Total | Cats | Dogs | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Live Outcomes (95% of cases) | |||
| Adoption | 76% | 82% | 72% |
| Transfer out | 12% | 10% | 13% |
| Return to owner | 3% | 2% | 4% |
| Foster placement | 3% | 2% | 4% |
| Service and wildlife out | 1% | <1% | <1% |
| Non-Live Outcomes (5%) | |||
| Euthanasia | 4.5% | 3% | 6% |
- C. Outcomes by Breed (Pit Bull-Type Dogs vs. Other Breeds):
- Adoption: 67% (vs. 73% other breeds)
- Non-live outcome: 13% (vs. 5% other breeds)
- Return to owner: 5% (vs. 4% other breeds)
- Foster placement: 6% (vs. 3% othe breeds) .
- D. Outcome Odds (Factors Affecting Live Outcomes):
| Predictor | Odds Ratio |
|---|---|
| Intake Subtypes (ref = loss of home) | |
| Unhoused owner | 0.87 |
| Landlord issues | 1.74 |
| Unspecified | 0.78 |
| Length of stay (in days) | 1.00 |
| Age quintiles (ref = Q1) | |
| Q2, 8 months-1.44 years | 0.32 |
| Q3, 1.44-2.89 years | 0.21 |
| Q4, 2.90-5.22 years | 0.18 |
| Q5, 5.23-23.02 years | 0.18 |
| Pit bull-type dog | 0.37 |
III. Trends Over Time
- A. Intake Subtypes:
- Increase in loss of home intakes.
- Decrease in pet restriction and landlord-related intakes.
- No significant change in unhoused or unspecified intakes.
- B. Overall Live Outcomes:
- Decrease in live outcomes.
- C. Geographic Trends:
- No significant change in east/west intake rates.
- Shift in intake frequencies from south to north.
- D. Species and Size Trends:
- Increase in cat intakes.
- Decrease in dog intakes.
- Decreasing large dog intake rate (faster rate).
- Decreasing small dog intake rate (slower rate).
- Slight decrease in medium dog intake rate (not significant).
- E. Breed and Demographic Trends:
- Decrease in pit bull-type dog intakes.
- Decrease in average animal weight.
- Decrease in average animal age.
Research Summary | Back to Top
Social Vulnerability & Intake, Outcome
External link:
Neal SM, Kremer T. Examining the Relationship Between Social Vulnerability and Animal Shelter Intakes and Outcomes: Patterns and Implications. Animals. 2024; 14(22):3166. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14223166
Intake and Outcome by Social Vulnerability
| Social Vulnerability Quintile | Intake per 1000 households | Adoption per 1000 households |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | 11 |
| 2 | 13 | 12 |
| 3 | 18 | 12 |
| 4 | 36 | 14 |
| 5 | 61 | 14 |
Breakdown by Intake Source
| Intake from Social Vulnerability Quintile | Breakdown by Intake Source | |||
| Social Vulnerability Quintile | Overall | Owner Surrender / Return | Seized / Custody | Stray |
| 1 | 8.0% | 11.9% | 4.6% | 6.8% |
| 2 | 8.7% | 11.1% | 5.9% | 8.1% |
| 3 | 11.9% | 14.4% | 9.8% | 11.1% |
| 4 | 24.5% | 25.5% | 27.9% | 23.5% |
| 5 | 46.9% | 37.1% | 51.8% | 50.6% |
| Adoptions to Social Vulnerability Quintile | Breakdown by Intake Source | |||
| Social Vulnerability Quintile | Overall | Owner Surrender / Return | Seized / Custody | Stray |
| 1 | 19.2% | 20.6% | 25.3% | 17.4% |
| 2 | 17.6% | 18.8% | 21.1% | 16.4% |
| 3 | 17.4% | 18.3% | 18.4% | 16.8% |
| 4 | 20.1% | 20.3% | 19.8% | 20.0% |
| 5 | 25.6% | 22.0% | 15.4% | 29.3% |
Breakdown by Social Vulnerability Index Themes
| Intake by Social Vulnerability Quintile | Breakdown by SVI themes | ||||
| Social Vulnerability Quintile | Overall | Household Characteristics | Housing Type & Transportation | Racial & Ethnic Minority Status | Socioeconomic Status |
| 1 | 8.0% | 12.7% | 12.2% | 4.2% | 7.6% |
| 2 | 8.7% | 10.0% | 18.7% | 9.7% | 7.3% |
| 3 | 11.9% | 15.0% | 25.7% | 13.3% | 13.0% |
| 4 | 24.5% | 19.8% | 22.8% | 20.8% | 21.6% |
| 5 | 46.9% | 42.4% | 20.6% | 52.0% | 50.6% |
| Adoptions to Social Vulnerability Quintile | Breakdown by SVI themes | ||||
| Social Vulnerability Quintile | Overall | Household Characteristics | Housing Type & Transportation | Racial & Ethnic Minority Status | Socioeconomic Status |
| 1 | 19.2% | 21.5% | 20.1% | 12.2% | 19.2% |
| 2 | 17.6% | 15.3% | 21.2% | 22.1% | 15.9% |
| 3 | 17.4% | 18.6% | 22.5% | 20.7% | 17.9% |
| 4 | 20.1% | 18.8% | 19.8% | 16.0% | 19.7% |
| 5 | 25.6% | 25.8% | 16.4% | 28.9% | 27.2% |
Breakdown by Animal Type
| Intake by Social Vulnerability Quintile | Breakdown by Animal Type | ||||
| Social Vulnerability Quintile | Overall | Cat Adult | Cat Youth | Dog Adult | Dog Youth |
| 1 | 8.0% | 8.9% | 7.7% | 8.9% | 3.9% |
| 2 | 8.7% | 9.2% | 8.6% | 9.6% | 5.1% |
| 3 | 11.9% | 13.% | 11.1% | 12.8% | 8.0% |
| 4 | 24.5% | 28.5% | 25.5% | 24.2% | 21.0% |
| 5 | 46.9% | 42.0% | 47.2% | 44.5% | 61.9% |
| Adoptions to Social Vulnerability Quintile | Breakdown by Animal Type | ||||
| Social Vulnerability Quintile | Overall | Cat Adult | Cat Youth | Dog Adult | Dog Youth |
| 1 | 19.2% | 18.2% | 19.0% | 21.0% | 15.4% |
| 2 | 17.6% | 17.7% | 17.2% | 19.1% | 13.6% |
| 3 | 17.4% | 18.6% | 15.9% | 18.6% | 14.8% |
| 4 | 20.1% | 21.6% | 19.6% | 19.7% | 19.7% |
| 5 | 25.6% | 24.0% | 28.3% | 21.5% | 36.6% |
Intake Reason and Outcome by Quintile
| Intake Reason | Quintile 1 | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preferences / Time | 30.1% | 25.5% | 24.2% | 27.1% | 22.5% |
| Permanent Change | 7.6% | 8.9% | 7.8% | 6% | 7.7% |
| Medical | 5.3% | 8.2% | 8.6% | 12.4% | 14% |
| Housing | 15% | 15.8% | 19.7% | 22.8% | 25% |
| Cost | 11.7% | 11.4% | 15.5% | 16.3% | 17.2% |
| Behaviour | 30.3% | 30.2% | 24.3% | 15.4% | 13.4% |
| Outcome | Quintile 1 | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transferred Out | 12.7% | 19.2% | 17.5% | 20.6% | 28.3% |
| Return to Owner | 16.4% | 14.9% | 15.6% | 13.1% | 10.4% |
| Euthanasia | 10.2% | 10.9% | 12.5% | 13.1% | 13.5% |
| Adopted | 60.7% | 55% | 54.3% | 53.3% | 47.8% |